The ancient role of the Roman Senate was to serve as a governing body in the Roman Republic and later in the Roman Empire. Initially, it was composed of Rome's elite, including patricians, who provided advice and counsel in matters of public policy, foreign affairs, and budgetary decisions. Senators held significant influence over legislation and military affairs, although their power fluctuated over time, especially during the transition to imperial rule. The Senate was also responsible for representing the interests of the Roman people, although it became increasingly dominated by wealthy individuals and families, leading to tensions within the political system.