One of the driving forces behind the Russian Revolution in 1917 was the profound discontent among the working class and peasantry due to socioeconomic inequality and political repression under the Tsarist regime. The combination of World War I's devastating impacts, food shortages, and economic instability fueled public unrest. The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, capitalized on this discontent by promising peace, land reforms, and workers' rights. The resulting revolution led to the collapse of the imperial government and established the first socialist state, significantly altering the course of Russian history.