A significant consequence of the European colonization of the Americas was the widespread displacement and decimation of Indigenous populations. European settlers brought diseases such as smallpox, measles, and influenza, for which Native Americans had no immunity, leading to catastrophic mortality rates. Additionally, the expansion of European settlements often resulted in the usurpation of Indigenous lands, disrupting traditional ways of life. Colonization also instigated cultural exchanges and conflicts, reshaping the social and political landscape of the Americas. This legacy of colonization continues to impact Indigenous communities today, raising ongoing discussions about rights, reparations, and cultural preservation.