The Industrial Revolution instigated a profound societal transformation in urban environments, with mass migration from rural areas to cities. This led to the rise of industrialization, where factories became the primary source of employment, drastically altering living conditions. Cities expanded rapidly, often resulting in overcrowded and unsanitary conditions for many workers. The demand for labor drove advancements in transportation, infrastructure, and public health initiatives. Ultimately, this revolution fostered socio-economic changes, leading to the development of a wage labor economy and the emergence of modern city life.