The social movement that fought for civil rights and against apartheid in South Africa was led by figures like Nelson Mandela and the African National Congress (ANC). This struggle aimed to end racial segregation and discrimination institutionalized by apartheid laws. It gained international support through protests, sanctions, and advocacy, highlighting the inhumanity of apartheid policies. The movement eventually succeeded with the dismantlement of apartheid in the early 1990s, culminating in Mandela’s election as South Africa's first black president in 1994, symbolizing profound political and social change.