The social movement that challenged traditional gender roles and claimed rights for women in the 1960s was the Women’s Liberation Movement. Emerging from the broader civil rights movement, it advocated for equal rights in areas such as employment, education, and reproductive rights. Spearheaded by figures like Betty Friedan and Gloria Steinem, it aimed to dismantle societal norms that restricted women's roles primarily to homemakers. This movement played a critical role in raising awareness about issues of gender inequality and influenced later policies regarding women's rights, ultimately leading to significant legislative changes, including the Equal Pay Act and Title IX.