The significant historical text that outlined the principles of separation of powers is "The Spirit of the Laws" written by Montesquieu in 1748. This foundational work in political philosophy articulated the importance of dividing government powers among different branches—executive, legislative, and judicial—to prevent tyranny and preserve liberty. Montesquieu’s ideas directly influenced the framers of the U.S. Constitution, who incorporated these principles to ensure checks and balances within the government. By establishing distinct authorities within governance, this concept aimed to protect individual rights and promote a more just society, resonating through various democratic systems worldwide.