During the Constitutional Convention of 1787, the significant document created was the United States Constitution. This document established the framework for the federal government, outlining the separation of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. It sought to address weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation, creating a stronger central government while also incorporating principles of federalism and checks and balances. The Constitution also included the Bill of Rights in 1791, which enumerated individual liberties. This foundational document remains the supreme law of the land and has greatly influenced democratic governance worldwide.