The political upheaval in 1789 that dramatically transformed France and led to widespread changes across Europe was the French Revolution. It began with financial crises, social inequality, and dissatisfaction with monarchial rule under King Louis XVI. The Revolution saw the rise of the Third Estate, which proclaimed the National Assembly, leading to the Tennis Court Oath and the storming of the Bastille. This conflict resulted in the establishment of a republic, the abolition of feudal privileges, and significant social and political reforms. The Revolution inspired subsequent uprisings and movements across Europe, challenging monarchy and inspiring democratic ideals.