The political system established by the Roman Republic was a representative democracy, characterized by a complex structure of governance including elected officials, the Senate, and popular assemblies. Power was held by elected representatives, known as magistrates, who were chosen by Roman citizens. The Senate, composed of patricians or aristocrats, played a crucial role in shaping legislation and advising consuls, the highest elected officials. This system allowed for a degree of popular participation, although it was limited to male citizens. The political structure of the Roman Republic set a foundation for future democratic governments and influenced political thought throughout history.