The major reform that the Constitution of Japan introduced after World War II was the establishment of a democratic governance framework, including a new constitution enacted in 1947. This constitution guaranteed fundamental human rights, including freedom of speech, assembly, and religion. It also significantly diminished the power of the emperor, transforming the country from an imperial state to a constitutional monarchy with democratic institutions. The new constitution emphasized pacifism, notably Article 9, which renounced war as a sovereign right of the nation, shaping Japan’s post-war identity and international relations.