During the Cold War, various ideologies influenced political leaders, primarily capitalism and communism. Capitalist nations led by the United States promoted individual freedoms and free markets, often portraying communism as a threat to democracy. In contrast, the Soviet Union championed communism, advocating for a classless society and state control over the economy. These ideological divides fueled a global competition, influencing foreign policies, military strategies, and socio-political structures, eventually impacting conflicts worldwide and shaping international relations during the latter half of the 20th century.