The major historical document that declared independence from Britain in 1776 was the Declaration of Independence, authored primarily by Thomas Jefferson. Ratified on July 4, 1776, this document asserted the thirteen American colonies' intention to separate from British rule. It articulated core principles of enlightenment thought, emphasizing rights such as life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. The Declaration not only justified the colonies' grievances against King George III but also served as a foundational text for American democracy and has inspired various movements for independence and human rights worldwide.