The dawn of the Enlightenment in Europe is marked by the publication of significant works that challenged traditional authority and sought to apply reason to human affairs. One major event often cited is the publication of René Descartes' "Discourse on the Method" in 1637, which emphasized rational thought and skepticism of established beliefs. The Enlightenment was characterized by the rise of intellectual movements advocating for liberty, scientific inquiry, and social progress. It catalyzed debates on governance, human rights, and philosophy, ultimately laying the groundwork for revolutionary movements throughout the 18th and 19th centuries.