A defining characteristic of a feudal society is the structured hierarchical relationship between lords and vassals, centered around land ownership and duties. In this system, a lord grants land (fief) to a vassal in return for military service, loyalty, and protection. This reciprocal relationship fosters a sense of obligation, where vassals work the land and provide services, while lords offer security and governance. Feudalism typically emerged in medieval Europe and represents a decentralized political structure, emphasizing local power over centralized authority. This system influenced social structures, economic arrangements, and cultural practices throughout the Middle Ages.