The Age of Exploration refers to a period from the late 15th century to the early 17th century marked by extensive overseas exploration. European powers, motivated by the desire for trade, wealth, and territorial expansion, embarked on maritime ventures to discover new lands. Explorers like Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand Magellan played pivotal roles in mapping uncharted territories, leading to the establishment of colonies and the exchange of culture and goods across continents, fundamentally altering global dynamics.