The innovative technology that greatly affected warfare during the Industrial Revolution was the introduction of rifled artillery and machine guns. These advancements allowed for increased accuracy and effectiveness in battle. Rifled artillery improved range and precision, while machine guns, like the Maxim gun, enabled rapid-fire capabilities that changed combat dynamics. The use of railroads for troop movement and supply lines also transformed military logistics. This technological evolution resulted in large-scale, deadly battles with unprecedented casualty rates, as seen in the World Wars, underscoring the Industrial Revolution's impact on military strategies and confrontations.