The industrial advancement that significantly increased textile manufacturing efficiency was the invention of the spinning jenny. Patented by James Hargreaves in 1770, this multi-spindle spinning frame allowed one worker to spin multiple threads simultaneously, dramatically increasing productivity. The spinning jenny was a key development during the Industrial Revolution, facilitating the large-scale production of yarn and bolstering the textile industry. This invention reduced the cost of textile production and contributed to the growth of factories, leading to urbanization and economic transformation. It played a critical role in shaping modern manufacturing processes.