Historical upheavals such as decolonization and the Cold War significantly reshaped the national identities of formerly colonized nations. The post-World War II era saw a surge in anti-colonial movements fueled by the desire for self-determination and cultural revival. Leaders like Gandhi and Nkrumah advocated for independence, initiating nationalistic sentiments that redefined local identities. The Cold War further influenced these transformations as superpowers vied for influence, shaping foreign policies that often leaned towards ideological alignments. Consequently, many nations redefined their political and cultural landscapes, embracing nationalism and often grappling with the legacies of colonial governance.