The historical figure known for the phrase "I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat" is Winston Churchill. This statement was made during his first speech as Prime Minister to the House of Commons on May 13, 1940, amidst the early stages of World War II. Churchill aimed to prepare the British public for the difficult times ahead and emphasize the sacrifices necessary to combat the Nazi threat. His powerful oratory and leadership during the war helped rally support and instill a sense of resilience in the British people during one of their darkest periods.