The historical figure associated with the exploration of the Grand Canyon is John Wesley Powell. An American geologist and Civil War veteran, Powell is renowned for leading a significant expedition through the Grand Canyon in 1869. His journey down the Colorado River provided crucial insights into the geography and geology of the region. Powell's exploration was among the first to navigate the challenging rapids and document the canyon's unique landscape. His reports and advocacy for conservation laid the groundwork for the establishment of national parks, emphasizing the need to preserve the area for future generations.