The term "The Rape of Nanking" refers to the horrific events that took place during the Japanese occupation of Nanking (Nanjing), China, in late 1937 and early 1938. Following the Japanese army's capture of the city during the Second Sino-Japanese War, they committed widespread atrocities, including mass killings, sexual violence, and looting. Estimates suggest that hundreds of thousands of Chinese civilians were killed, and tens of thousands of women were raped. The event is a painful chapter in Chinese history, highlighting the brutalities of war and leading to ongoing disputes over historical interpretations and responsibilities between China and Japan.