The giant Amazonian empire centered in modern-day Peru was the Inca Empire. This powerful civilization thrived from the early 15th century until the Spanish conquest in the 16th century. The Incas are known for their advanced agricultural techniques, impressive architecture, and extensive road networks, which facilitated trade and communication across their vast territory. Their capital, Cusco, was a major cultural and political center. The Incas developed a rich tradition of arts, textiles, and metallurgy, and their legacy remains significant today, influencing the cultural landscape of Peru and the wider region.