During ancient times, the ruling power in Persia was the Achaemenid Empire, established by Cyrus the Great in the mid-6th century BCE. This empire is renowned for its vast expanse, effectively uniting diverse cultures across a large territory, including parts of present-day Iran, Iraq, Egypt, and beyond. The Achaemenids are noted for their innovative administration, respect for local customs, and the construction of monumental architecture, which included the famous city of Persepolis. The empire’s legacy influenced governance and cultural exchange in subsequent empires in the region.