The empire established by Cyrus the Great and known for its tolerance of various cultures is the Achaemenid Empire. Founded in the 6th century BCE, this Persian Empire became one of the largest in history. Cyrus is celebrated for his progressive policies, including the respect for the customs and religions of conquered peoples, which helped maintain stability across the vast territory. His famous decree, often considered an early human rights charter, allowed exiled communities, including the Jews, to return to their homelands. The Achaemenid Empire served as a model for future empires and left a lasting legacy in governance and cultural exchange.