The empire that ruled a significant part of North Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Europe was the Ottoman Empire. Founded around the late 13th century, the Ottoman Empire lasted for over six centuries, becoming one of the largest and most powerful empires in history. It encompassed vast regions, including present-day Turkey, Greece, parts of the Balkans, North Africa, and the Arabian Peninsula. Known for its cultural diversity, architectural achievements, and complex administrative system, the empire facilitated trade and cultural exchange across continents. However, it began to decline in the 19th century, eventually dissolving after World War I, leading to significant territorial and political changes in these regions.