The empire known for its cultural achievements during the Golden Age is the Islamic Empire, particularly during the Abbasid Caliphate. This period, roughly from the 8th to the 13th century, was marked by significant advancements in various fields such as science, mathematics, medicine, literature, and philosophy. The establishment of Baghdad as a cultural and intellectual hub fostered a spirit of inquiry and learning, leading to innovations like algebra, advancements in astronomy, and the preservation of classical texts. The Golden Age influenced not just the Islamic world but also had a lasting impact on Europe, enriching the Renaissance and future scientific progress.