The civilization that built the impressive city of Petra in present-day Jordan was the Nabateans. Flourishing from the 4th century BCE to the 2nd century CE, the Nabateans were renowned for their sophisticated water conservation systems and impressive trading networks. Petra served as a vital trade hub, connecting the Arabian Peninsula with the Mediterranean and beyond. The city's spectacular rock-cut architecture, including the Treasury and the Monastery, reflects the Nabateans' advanced engineering and artistic skills. Today, Petra is one of the New Seven Wonders of the World, symbolizing the ancient civilization's cultural and economic significance.