The city that served as the capital of the Roman Empire was Rome itself. Founded in 753 BCE, it grew to become the center of political, cultural, and economic life in the ancient world. Rome’s strategic location by the Tiber River facilitated trade and military conquests, allowing it to expand its influence across Europe, North Africa, and parts of Asia. Under emperors like Augustus and Julius Caesar, Rome saw significant advancements in architecture, governance, and law, establishing a legacy that has shaped Western civilization. The city remained the heart of the empire until its decline, leaving a lasting imprint on global history.