The division of the Korean Peninsula post-World War II was a result of geopolitical considerations between the US and USSR. Following Japan's surrender, the peninsula was split along the 38th parallel into two zones of occupation. The North became a communist state backed by the USSR, while the South aligned with the US, adopting a capitalist framework. Tensions escalated into the Korean War (1950-1953), further entrenching the division. This schism not only created a lasting political and ideological rift but also shaped national identities, contributing to ongoing conflicts and dialogues on reunification in the region.