The ancient society known for the invention of the wheel is the Sumerians, who lived in Mesopotamia around 3500 BC. This innovation fundamentally transformed transportation and commerce, enabling the movement of goods over greater distances more efficiently. The wheel facilitated not only the development of chariots for warfare but also played a crucial role in agriculture, allowing for the creation of plows that improved farming practices. The Sumerians' advancements in technology, including the wheel, contributed significantly to their economic development and are considered a cornerstone of human civilization, influencing societies for millennia to come.