The ancient Indian civilization known for its remarkable urban planning and architecture is the Indus Valley Civilization, which existed around 2500 BCE. This civilization featured advanced cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, characterized by their grid patterns, sophisticated drainage systems, and standardized brick sizes. The layout of these cities indicates planning and organization, with public baths and granaries suggesting a high degree of social and economic complexity. Artifacts, including seals with intricate carvings, showcase their craftsmanship. The decline of this civilization remains a topic of research, but its urban achievements lay the groundwork for future Indian societies.