The ancient Greek philosopher known for laying the groundwork for Western philosophy is Socrates. His method of questioning, known as the Socratic method, sought to stimulate critical thinking and illuminate ideas through dialogue. Socrates emphasized ethics and morality, asserting that the pursuit of knowledge and understanding were paramount. Although he did not write down his teachings, his thoughts were documented by his students, particularly Plato. Socrates’ emphasis on rational thought and self-examination continues to influence philosophical inquiry and is a cornerstone of Western philosophical traditions.