The ancient empire located in present-day Mexico and known for its pyramids is the Aztec Empire. Established in the 14th century and flourishing until the Spanish conquest in the 16th century, the Aztecs built impressive architectural structures, including the Templo Mayor in Tenochtitlan, their capital. This civilization was known for its rich culture, complex society, advancements in art, mathematics, and astronomy, as well as its agricultural innovations. The Aztecs' legacy continues to influence Mexican culture and history today.