The ancient civilization that left a legacy of architecture and infrastructure in Peru is the Inca Empire. Flourishing from the early 15th century until the Spanish conquest in the 16th century, the Incas built a vast empire characterized by remarkable engineering feats. They constructed an extensive network of roads, known as the Inca Road System, which facilitated communication and trade across diverse terrains. Iconic architectural achievements, such as the majestic Machu Picchu and impressive agricultural terraces, exemplified their advanced understanding of engineering, sustainability, and artistry. The Inca civilization significantly influenced the region's culture, and its achievements continue to be celebrated and studied today.