The ancient civilization recognized for its advancements in irrigation and agriculture is the Mesopotamian civilization, particularly the Sumerians. Located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, this civilization developed complex irrigation systems that utilized canals and levees to control water flow and maximize agricultural production. The Sumerians cultivated various crops, such as barley and wheat, which supported their urban centers and enabled surplus production. These advancements in irrigation technology not only strengthened their economy but also laid the foundation for future civilizations in the region. The innovations in agriculture and water management from Mesopotamia were crucial in the development of human societies and urbanization.