The ancient civilization known for the creation of the zodiac system is Babylon. The Babylonians, around the first millennium BCE, developed a sophisticated understanding of astronomy and astrology, dividing the sky into twelve sections corresponding to various constellations. Each zodiac sign represented specific periods of the year and was associated with astrological beliefs about human behavior and destiny. This system was influential in later cultures, particularly in Hellenistic astrology, where it was integrated with Greek philosophical ideas. The zodiac has continued to hold cultural significance throughout history, serving as a foundation for modern astrology.