The ancient civilization known for its art and architecture, including the Parthenon, is ancient Greece. The Parthenon, located on the Acropolis of Athens, is a symbol of the cultural and political achievements of the city-state of Athens during its golden age in the 5th century BCE. It was dedicated to the goddess Athena and showcases the advancements in architecture, sculpture, and artistic expression that characterized the period. The influence of ancient Greek art and thought continues to resonate in modern culture, making it a significant historical reference point.