The ancient city famously destroyed by volcanic eruption in 79 AD is Pompeii. Located near the Bay of Naples in Italy, Pompeii was a thriving Roman city that met its catastrophic end when Mount Vesuvius erupted, burying the city under volcanic ash and pumice. This sudden disaster preserved many buildings, artifacts, and even the remains of residents, providing invaluable insight into Roman daily life and culture. Excavations of Pompeii have revealed beliefs, societal structures, and artistic achievements, making it an essential site for understanding ancient Roman civilization and the impact of volcanic activity on human settlements.