Pompeii, an ancient Roman city, was famously destroyed by the catastrophic eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD. The eruption buried the city in ash and pumice, preserving it for centuries beneath layers of volcanic material. This event provided a unique archaeological site that reveals insights into Roman life, culture, and architecture. The sudden disaster claimed thousands of lives and left the city uninhabitable, but it also allowed for the exceptional preservation of buildings, artwork, and everyday items, giving us a remarkably detailed glimpse into the past.