The ancient city buried under volcanic ash from Mount Vesuvius is Pompeii. In AD 79, the eruption of Vesuvius buried the city and its inhabitants, preserving it under layers of ash and pumice. The excavation of Pompeii, beginning in the 18th century, revealed remarkably preserved structures, artworks, and artifacts, providing invaluable insights into daily life in ancient Rome. The site remains a key archaeological treasure, offering a unique window into Roman civilization, its culture, and the catastrophic event that led to its demise.