The agricultural shift that occurred as a result of the Neolithic Revolution was the transition from nomadic lifestyles to settled farming communities. This transformation involved the domestication of plants and animals, significantly improving food production. As people began cultivating crops and raising livestock, they were able to establish permanent settlements, leading to the development of cities and increased population density. This change laid the foundation for complex societies, trade, and technological advances, ultimately shaping human civilization and leading to significant advancements in culture and social organization.