The condition characterized by excessive body weight in relation to height is obesity. It is typically assessed using the Body Mass Index (BMI), which calculates weight in relation to height. A BMI of 30 or higher is classified as obese and is associated with increased health risks, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and certain cancers. Addressing obesity often involves lifestyle changes such as increased physical activity and dietary modifications, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a healthy weight for overall well-being.