The river that runs through Baghdad is the Tigris River. This historically significant waterway has been vital for the development of ancient Mesopotamian civilizations, including the Sumerians, Babylonians, and Assyrians. The Tigris, along with its counterpart, the Euphrates River, forms the backbone of the region known as the Fertile Crescent. Throughout history, the river has supported agriculture and trade, contributing to the region's wealth and cultural development. Today, the Tigris remains important for transportation and water supply in modern Baghdad.