The smallest ocean by surface area is the **Arctic Ocean**. It is located around the North Pole and is bordered by countries such as Canada, Russia, Greenland, and Norway. The Arctic Ocean plays a crucial role in Earth's climate system, influencing weather patterns and sea ice dynamics. Despite its small size, the ocean supports diverse ecosystems, including polar bears, seals, and various fish species. Environmental changes, particularly those associated with **climate change**, are significantly affecting the Arctic region, making the study of this ocean increasingly important in understanding global ecological challenges.