The mountain range that runs through the countries of India and Nepal is the Himalayas. This vast range includes some of the highest peaks in the world, most notably Mount Everest, which is the tallest at 8,848 meters (29,029 feet). The Himalayas are significant for their unique biodiversity, cultural heritage, and as a natural barrier between the Indian subcontinent and the Tibetan Plateau. They play a vital role in influencing weather patterns and water resources in the region.