The island known for its unique lemurs and diverse flora is Madagascar. Situated off the southeastern coast of Africa, Madagascar is the fourth largest island in the world and contains a unique array of wildlife and plant species found nowhere else on Earth. Approximately 90% of its wildlife is endemic, making it a hotspot for biodiversity. The island's varied ecosystems, ranging from rainforests to dry deciduous forests, contribute to its biological richness. Conservation efforts on Madagascar are crucial due to increasing threats from habitat loss and climate change, making it a focus for ecological research and preservation.