The desert found in northern Chile is the Atacama Desert. It is known as one of the driest places on Earth, with some areas receiving less than 1 mm of rain annually. The Atacama is characterized by its striking landscapes, including salt flats, sand dunes, and rocky terrain. Rich in mineral resources like copper and lithium, it plays a critical role in Chile's economy. The extreme conditions also make it a unique location for scientific research, particularly in astronomy and climatology.