The continent predominantly covered by ice is Antarctica. It is the southernmost continent and contains about 70% of the world's fresh water in its ice sheets and glaciers. Antarctica's harsh environment, characterized by frigid temperatures and strong winds, makes habitation challenging for all but a few research scientists who live temporarily. The continent plays a critical role in the Earth's climate system and features unique ecosystems, including wildlife like penguins and seals that thrive in its icy environment.