The Andes Mountains are primarily located along the western edge of South America, spanning several countries including Argentina, Chile, Peru, and Bolivia. They are the longest continental mountain range in the world and play a crucial role in the region's ecology and climate. The Andes are known for their diverse ecosystems, including cloud forests, high plateaus, and glaciers. This mountain range has also been vital for the indigenous cultures and modern economies of the countries it traverses, serving as a natural barrier and influencing agriculture and tourism.